Frank s



ATTORNEY.

Patented Nov.- 8,1881

ENVENTOR N PETERS, Pholu-Likhogmpher. Washing w (No Model.)

F. OLARKSON.

MORTISING MACHINE. No. 249,306.

WiTNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK S. CLARKSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FRANK B. SLOAN, OE SAME PLACE.

MORTlSlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,306, dated November 8, 1881.

Application filed August 22, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANKS. CLARKSON, ofBaltiinore city, State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Machines; and I hereby declare the same to be fully, clearly, and exactly described as follows, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, in which I Figure l is afrout elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan of thework-table. Fig. 4 is a plan and elevation,showing the form of the mortise machines in general, and in particular to that class of the same in which thewood is cut by means of a revolving and laterally-cutting bit;

and it has for its object to producea machine adapted to perform a class of work heretofore only accomplished by the slow, laborious, and costly method of hand-chiseling. I refer to making the mortises for the reception of ordinary door or drawerlocks.

The machine about to be described is especially designed for cutting the mortise to receive the lock patented to me and Frank B. Sloan, assignee of half interest, July 26, 1881, No."244,855. The said lock differs from the ordinary furniture-lockin certain particulars, whichadaptitforinsertion in a machine-made mortise, such as that formed by the machine about to be described. In locks of this class thetop plate of the lock is countersunk in the u such a mortise is rounded at the sides orhas edge of the door or drawer,and thecasing which contains the lock mechanism occupies a mortise on the inside, the face-plate resting upon the surface of the wood and not being sunk flush with the same. A' mortise made by a laterally-cutting bit is necessarily rounded at the ends, so the lock adapted for insertion-in its top plate provided with rounded tangs, as shown in the said Letters Patent. Furthermore, the top plate iswider than the thickness of the casing which contains the lock mechanism. To cut the mortise for such a look I pro vide two revolving bits, a suitable carrier for thework, and stops for limiting the motions of the carrier. The motions of the carrier with reference to one of the bits are three-namely, one

parallel to its axis and the other two at right angles to each other and to the first. The motions with reference to the other hit are two-' parallel to the axis of the bit and. at right an- '55 gles to it-and the two bits are atrright angles to each other. I am thereby enabled at one operation to cut a mortise of the exact shape and size of those portions of the lock which are countersunk in the wood, and to form a keyhole accurately opposite the key-pin of the lock. The importance of thisresult may be inferred fromthe fact that the cost of inserting a cheap lockby handsay the Eagle, 72- exceeds that of the lock itself. A further saviugin time results from the use ofmy machine, as it obviates the necessityfor measuring and marking the place for the lock. I simply set the gages or stops,which being properly done, 7 the mortise has necessarily theproperlocation, size, and shape. Inthe drawings, A is a suitable support, in which are mounted two shafts, a D, atright angles; The shaft a carries a pulley, B, for the drivingbelt, and a second pulley, B, over 7 5 p which is led a belt to the pulley c of the shaft -D. A pair of pulleys, O, which are mounted the block E, having transverse guides f on its 8 upper side. -A block F, which supports the work-plate F, slides laterally upon these guides,

and the plate Flflslides longitudinally upon guides f in the top of the block F. v F is a lever, pivoted to the main frame and engaging go with the block E. It is provided with a counterpoise to balance the block and table in the usual way.

G is a lever, having a ball-joint, g, in a lug attached to the block F, and a second ball- 5 joint at its fulcrum g on the frame A, whereby the lever has a universal motion and serves to lift the work-table verticallyas well as to slide it laterally. The motion of the work-table on the slides f is effected by means of a seczoo ond lever, H, pivoted at h and fulcrumed at h. The balls 9 on the lever G and h on the lever H are made somewhat largerin diameter than the ends of the levers,'and the sockets in which V transversely past the sockets, and provision is made by the described construction for a sliding motion of the balls within the sockets as the levers are moved.

It willbereadily understood that upon moving the levers G and H the work-table may be moved in anydesired direction. Now,in order to determine the direction and extent of these motions, I provide the gages shown in Fig. 5 in plan and elevation. A plate, I, is attached by bolts through the holes j j to the main frame, andin its face is a recess, 1, of the exact depth of the top plate of the lock, and a second recess, 2, of the shape and size of the casing which contains the lock mechanism. A stud, 2", is secured to the table in a horizontal position, and is adapted to enter these recesses, and a second stud or stop, 1', is also secured to the table in a vertical direction.

In Fig. 4 is shown in plan and elevation the shape of the mortise, which will be recognized as the precise shape of the countersunk portions of the lock hereinbefore referred to. The recess 4 has rounded ends, and is situated at a slight distance from the edgeot' the wood. The recess 5 is countersunk from the side of the wood and holds the lock-case, and 6 isthe keyhole. It is obvious, however, from the fact above stated, that the table can be moved in any direction that upon changing the form of the gage any desired form of mortise may be made.

In operation the board to be mortised is laid on the table I against suitable pins or stops or clamps n, which determine its position upon the table, and are'made movable and removable, so as to suit different kinds of work. The bits are then set in motion, and the table is thrust by means of the lever H toward the horizontal bit d, which enters the face of the wood. The pin or stud a" meantime enters the recess 1 in the gagel and limits the forward motion of the table. As soon as the stud abuts against the base of the recess the table is moved laterally in both directions until the stud abuts against the ends of the recess. The table is then raised slightly to bring the stud opposite the recess 2, where the table is moved forward and laterally, causing the stud to traverse that recess in the same manner as the first, when the mortise is complete, so far as containing the lock is concerned. Finally, the table is lifted vertically, the stud entering the slot 3 of the piece M, and the key-hole is bored by the bit d, its location being determined laterally as well as longitudinally with reference to the mortise by the studs 6 t". The stud 43 may be made to limit the forward motion of the table by abutting against the frame A, or a stop secured upon it, as will be readily understood. Inasmuch as the position of-the key-pin in the various standard locks is slightly different, I provide for a shifting of the key-hole with reference to the mortise by simply forming the slot 3 in a separate gage, M, attached to a plate, L, which latter is secured to the gage l by screws 1, as shown. The studs and gages are made removable, so that others may be substituted for them in cutting mortises of different shapes. I

What I claim is- 1. In a mortising-machine, a pairof bits mounted at right angles to each other, and a work-table, and mechanismfor moving thesame in three directionsat right angles to each other, two of the said motions being parallel to the axes of the bits, whereby in cutting mortises for the insertion of locks the lock-cavity and key-hole are formed at one operation, as set forth. r

2. In combination with the main frame, having the two laterally-cutting bits and theslides e, the blocksE F, having transverse slidesff, and the table F, as set forth.

3. In combination with the. table, movable in three directions at right angles to each other, and having stud i, the gage-provided with a recess representing the lock-cavity, and a gage to determine the vertical out for the key-hole, as set forth.

4. In combination with the table, the vertically movable block E'and the intermediate sliding block, F, the levers H and G, the'latter having ball-joints g g, as and for the purpose set forth.

FRANK S. OLARKSON. Nvitnessesz v R. D. WILLIAMS, J N0. T. MADDOX. 

